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WO3 electrochromic film is a smart material that can be applied to architectural glass to obtain the so-called smart windows for thermal insulation and energy conservation. There are many methods for preparing such WO3 electrochromic film, such as, a spray method, a hydrothermal method, and an electrodeposition method. More details, please visit: http://www.tungsten-powder.com/tungsten-oxide.html Spraying method provides a possibility to prepare a WO3 electrochromic film with large-area high cycle stability by a low-cost solution method. However, the current research mainly produces…

Nano WO3 electrochromic film can be prepared by a hydrothermal method. At present, many researchers have adopted hydrothermal method to prepare nano WO3 films. However, preparation of WO3 film by hydrothermal process is complicated with cumbersome steps. And high temperature long-term reaction is often required. Also, the seed layer coated on the surface of the conductive substrate is required to be high. In addition, the preparation conditions including high temperature and high pressure limit the choice of conductive substrates. More…

Mo-doping tungsten oxide film can be prepared by doping molybdenum oxide (MoO3) into a tungsten oxide film. The tungsten oxide film with different MoO3 doping ratio can be prepared by electron beam evaporation method. Among them, the doping of Mo element has a certain influence on the electrochromic properties of WO3 film. More details, please visit: http://www.tungsten-powder.com/tungsten-oxide.html During the coloring process, H+ ions and electrons were injected into the WO3 lattice structure, and a cathode reduction reaction occurred in it:…

Ti-doping WO3 electrochromic film can be applied to smart window. Some experts prepared WO3 film and Ti-doped WO3 film by pulsed DC reactive magnetron sputtering method. And they also studied the effects of oxygen partial pressure on the crystal structure, surface morphology and electrochromic properties of the films. More details, please visit: http://www.tungsten-powder.com/tungsten-oxide.html They found that the Ti-doped tungsten trioxide electrochromic film was crystallized and converted into a cubic system. The CV curve of the Ti doped WO3 film prepared…

Ti-doped WO3 film can be prepared by magnetron sputtering method. Experts used metal tungsten and tungsten-titanium alloy as targets, and undoped WO3 film and Ti-doped tungsten trioxide electrochromic film were prepared by pulsed DC reactive magnetron sputtering method. And the effects of film thickness on the crystal structure, surface morphology and electrochromic properties of the film during the preparation process were investigated. More details, please visit: http://www.tungsten-powder.com/tungsten-oxide.html Experts found that the change of lattice strain and surface roughness after WO3…

Cycle performance of Ti-doping tungsten trioxide electrochromic film is superior to that of undoped WO3 film. This is because during the lithium ion injection process, the WO3 transforms from the monoclinic phase to the cubic phase, while the Ti-doped WO3 has no change in crystal structure before and after discoloration. And the lattice strain caused by discoloration is reduced. That is to say, the energy barrier to be overcome is reduced, the roughness variation is reduced. And thus the cycle…

Compared with the pure WO3 film, the Ti doped tungsten oxide film has no change in the color change amplitude. While the coloring and fading response speeds are obviously increased. And the amount of charge stored in the reaction is increased. Moreover, after a plurality of cycles, the current decay becomes small, the cycle stability increases, and the film cycle life increases. In addition, WO3 is converted from a monoclinic system to a cubic system. And at the same time,…

Ti-WO3 film is more favorable for the electrochromic reaction than the undoped WO3 film. Experts said that comparing the SEM image of WO3 and Ti-doped WO3 film, as shown below, you can see: More details, please visit: http://www.tungsten-powder.com/tungsten-oxide.html After doping with Ti, the surface morphology of the film changes, from round particles to lamellar particles, and the film particle size becomes smaller. The particle size decreases to increase the specific surface area, which is more conducive to the electrochromic reaction.…

Some experts have prepared the Ti doping tungsten oxide electrochromic film by the following methods in order to study the influence of different oxygen partial pressures on the structural properties of Ti doped WO3 thin films. More details, please visit: http://www.tungsten-powder.com/tungsten-oxide.html Ti doped WO3 film was deposited by pulsed DC power source reactive sputtering method on a FTO transparent conductive glass (sheet resistance of -20Ω) using the tungsten-titanium alloy (containing 6% of titanium) as a target. Before sputtering, the ultimate…

Some experts used electrochemical workstations to perform cyclic voltammetry tests on Ti-doping tungsten oxide electrochromic film prepared at different temperature. The experts recorded the CV curves of the first cycle and the 200th cycle at a constant scan rate of 0.01V/s and at the same voltage of ±1.2V, as shown in the following figure—Transmission spectra of the colored and faded states of WO3:Ti films prepared at different temperatures in the wavelength range of 300nm to 2500nm before and after 200…