Tungsten trioxide may be applied for the manufacture of thermal insulating glass. Therefore, an in-depth study of the preparation and properties of this photochromic material is required.
In 1980, the HxWO3-y film was first prepared by vacuum evaporation by changing the degree of vacuum. And then it was sputtered under three different reaction atmospheres, including Ar-O2 (preparation of pure substoichiometric film), Ar-O2-H2 and Ar-O2-H2O (changing the hydrogen and oxygen composition of WO3).
The effect of H+ in the colouration and decolorization process of tungsten trioxide film was studied to determine the x value and y value of the best photochromic properties of the film, and provide a basis for the mechanism of discoloration of WO3. Many scholars have used the vacuum evaporation and sputtering methods to prepare tungsten trioxide films, and the effect of the structure type (amorphous, polycrystalline) and test atmosphere of WO3 on the photochromic effect, the discoloration property of visible light, and the charge transfer during the photochromic process were studied. However, due to the expensive equipment and complicated technology of the two producing methods, it is not easy to produce uniform film on a large scale.
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