Tungsten alloy collimator is an important part of a gamma camera (γ camera). And it plays the role of radiation guidance (collimation) and radiation protection (reducing the patient's exposure to gamma rays) on the core component of the gamma camera.
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How does a gamma camera work?
Radioactive nuclides such as 99mTc liquid or a certain compound labeled with 99mTc, enter the human body through oral, aerosol inhalation, intravenous injection and other channels, targeted to reach specific tissues and organs, and then use a gamma camera to detect the distribution of gamma photons emitted by the radionuclides carried by the compound in the human body. The γ photon is collimated by a tungsten alloy collimator so that it enters a crystal made of NaI (Tl) in a specific direction and fluoresces. The fluorescence enters a photomultiplier tube (PMT) through a light guide and a light coupling agent behind the crystal. Coupling agents and light guides can transmit light to the PMT, reducing total reflection. The more PMT, the better the spatial resolution and positioning performance. After the convergence of the PMT photocathode, the acceleration and multiplication of the dynode are output by the anode as an electrical signal, which realizes the photoelectric conversion. Then, after the positioning of the position circuit and the screening of the energy circuit, it will reproduce the two-dimensional image of the distribution of nuclides in the human body on the computer display.
