A smart window, which is assembled using WO3 electrochromic thin film as the electrochromic layer material, can control the transmittance of visible light and therefore prevent the solar radiation from entering into the building. Also, such window can obtain different transmittance depending on the dynamic demand of human comfort. In other words, people can dynamically adjust the heat insulation effect of such smart windows.
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For electrochromism and electrochromic materials, experts have said that in the 1930s, electrochromic phenomenon was reported, but it was not concerned. People began to pay attention to electrochromism until J.R. Platt discovered the phenomenon of electrochromism in the 1960s and proposed the concept of electrochromism. After WO3 was found to be able to reversibly change color, there was the first invention patent for electrochromic devices in 1969. With the deepening of research, color-changing materials began to diversify. There are mainly inorganic electrochromic materials and organic electrochromic materials. And the range of color change is also broadened to the entire spectrum of visible light. Moreover, various components of the electrochromic device have been further refined and optimized.
