WO3 has been increasingly used to prepare electrochromic film (EC film). And EC film has been commercialized for applying in building glasses.
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However, at present, the practical application of the commercial EC film of tungsten trioxide nano particles is still restricted by high preparation cost and long response time. In the current basic research work, tungsten trioxide electrochromic films are mainly prepared by low-cost solution method. There are still some problems. For example, a large number of researches have focused on the preparation of various nanostructured tungsten trioxides by hydrothermal method. But the process of hydrothermal preparation of tungsten trioxide film is complicated. It is often required to react at a high temperature for a long time (usually 180°C, 12h). And the seed layer coated on the surface of the conductive substrate is required to be high. In addition, high temperature and high pressure preparation conditions limit the choice of conductive substrates.
